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A desiccant is a substance that attracts moisture from the air, thereby controlling humidity and preventing moisture from coming in contact with items. Desiccants can be divided into four types- one that is silica gel (small, porous, and attractive beads), one that is calcium chloride (high capacity salt crystals), montmorillonite clay (which is a natural mineral), and one that is cellulose-based (which is a biodegradable fiber product). Each type of desiccant will vary in absorption time, absorption capacity, and temperature range effectiveness.

Desiccants are crucial for combatting moisture damage for either shipping or storage of goods. Desiccants protect goods from damage due to moisture in the following ways: by limiting corrosion (i.e. electronics, machinery), mold growth (i.e. textiles, furniture), clumping (i.e. powders, pharmaceuticals), and decay (i.e. food, leather). Desiccants are usually packaged in permeable bags, sachets, or cartridges, and are used in shipping containers, product packaging, and cabinets/closets to produce/maintain dry environments and extending lifespan. The effectiveness of desiccants is up to the chosen material, the quantity, and the conditions they are used in.